Section 2 — How Money Works Grammar focus

Session 8 grammar: summarizing & sequencing

Review sessions need clear structure and correct time order. Practice these patterns when you present Sessions 1–7 and when you tell a short crisis story.

Grammar Focus

Discourse markers + stages · Past perfect for “earlier cause”

1. Signposting a summary. Use phrases like: To start with…, Moving on to…, What matters here is…, In short… They help the teacher follow your logic.

2. Sequencing events. Use: First…, Then…, After that…, Finally… or Before X happened, Y had already… for order.

3. Past perfect. When one past event happened before another past event, use had + past participle for the earlier one — especially in Session 7 narratives (compare Session 7 grammar note on past perfect).

4. Defining in your own words. Use relative clauses: “Liquidity is the speed at which…” / “A mortgage is a loan that…”

“To start with Session 4, banks match savers and borrowers. Moving on to Session 5, the same banks also create deposits when they lend.”

“By the time prices collapsed, many households had already taken on debt they could not service.”

“In short, monetary policy works with a lag — so markets react before the full effect hits the real economy.”

Mini practice (before class)

Write 3 sentences linking Session 5 and Session 6 with “because” or “so” Write 2 sentences about 2008 using past perfect once Record yourself — max 90 sec — summarizing Session 3